Abstract:
The increase in cultural diversity of the client population necessitates that nurses be educated in Transcultural nursing skills and concepts in order to meet the needs of the culturally diverse population. This can be accomplished by incorporating Transcultural nursing instruction into the nursing curricula. Such instruction is expected to increase the Transcultural self-efficacy related to cultural competence of nursing students. Transcultural nursing is delivered in a variety of instructional methods across nursing curricula. The purpose of this study is to examine differences in the Transcultural self-efficacy among nursing students with varying instructional approaches to integrating TCN in the nursing curricula. Differences in the following three instructional approaches will be investigated: TCN nursing course accompanied by cultural immersion experience, TCN nursing courses without cultural immersion experience, and TCN integrated into the nursing curricula in various nursing courses rather than presented as a separate TCN course (which may include computer-based experiences). The framework for the research study is Bandura's social cognitive theory, which incorporates the effect of self-efficacy on a person's performance of skills.Nursing students (150) enrolled in a Bachelor of Science degree program at three midwestern universities will be asked to voluntarily participate in the research study, which will examine the differences evident in Transcultural self-efficacy, related to the three instructional approaches used to educate nursing students in TCN. Each school of nursing will be chosen related to the type of instructional approach used to incorporate TCN into the nursing curricula. Participants will remain anonymous.The Transcultural Self-efficacy Tool (TSET) will be given to the participating nursing students at the end of their senior year. This tool will measure and evaluate the student's Transcultural self-efficacy related to the type of instructional approach used to teach TCN. Data results will be shared with the participating schools of nursing at the conclusion of the data analysis period.The significance of the study will be to assist faculty and administrators of nursing programs to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of instructional methods related to Transcultural nursing on the Transcultural self-efficacy of the nursing students. It is imperative that educators are able to develop and implement instructional strategies, which will allow nursing students to develop their TCN skills and TCN self-efficacy in order to provide TCN care to the multicultural society.