This paper includes a compilation of relevant information needed for oboists to prepare a successful performance of the Martinů Oboe Concerto. I compare the different available editions and point out the differences between them. I analyze errors found in each edition, and where possible, offer corrections. I take into account suggestions given by Jiri Tancibudek, the oboist for whom the concerto was composed, so that the performer can choose which variation to play. Finally, I mention historical considerations from Martinů’s life that had an impact on his music, to be used by the performer as interpretive tools.