This thesis examines the 19th century theological developments by John Nelson Darby and C.I. Scofield and the transition from historical Christianity's belief about the Jews to the modern Evangelical view of the Jews and the modern nation of Israel. I demonstrate how the doctrines of Darby and Scofield have influenced American politicians, and by extension, America's foreign policy and how these doctrines have shaped mainstream Christianity's public opinion of Israel. I then analyze, through a Biblical framework, one of the most controversial questions of all time: Who are God's chosen people?