A phenomenological approach to the transition of Division III football players out of sport
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Abstract
Through a phenomenological approach the present study investigated how Division III football players experienced involuntary career transition out of sport. Using Schlossberg’s Transition Theory (STT, Schlossberg, 1984), for guidance, the following study examined how this set of individuals goes through involuntary transition due to eligibility expiring. Prior studies found conflicting results, with athletes experiencing positive (Arvinen-Barrow et al., 2017; Kerr & Dacyshyn, 2000; Martin et al., 2014) and negative experiences (Poux & Fry, 2015; Roberts et al., 2015; Webb et al., 1998) out of sport. Participants (N = 7) were former football players at the Division III level; these athletes had gone through involuntary transition, due to eligibility, from sport for at least six months but no longer than two years. Participants completed a 60-90-minute Zoom interview adapted from Coakley’s (2006) phenomenological study, which interviewed former NFL players transitioning out of sport. Major themes that emerged were a) Division III Experience, b) Available Support, c) Potential Coping Behaviors, and d) Collegiate Career Reflections. The results of the current study supported and contradicted previous research concerning transition out of sport. Furthermore, this study filled gaps in the literature by examining a new population, allowing for comparisons to be made of transitions at lower-level competition to elite level competition, and allowed for an enhanced understanding of challenges student-athletes may face during their transitions.