The use of imagery in NFL kickers : a case study of the most accurate kicker in NFL history

Abstract

The aim of this study was to qualitatively examine the extent to which a National Football League (NFL) kicker uses the five functions of imagery (Cognitive Specific, Cognitive General, Motivational Specific, Motivational General-Arousal and Motivational General-Mastery). The participant was selected because he is considered the best in the NFL Kicker population. Furthermore, his physical routine and preparation is studied and modeled by other kickers. By determining the imagery aspect of his mental preparation routine, it provides great insight to other kickers and coaches.To collect data, the researcher conducted two audio-taped, semi-structured telephone interviews with the participant. Interview questions were taken from the Sport Imagery Questionnaire and modified to fit open ended interview questions. The participant reported using cognitive general imagery, motivational general-mastery imagery, motivational specific imagery, and cognitive specific imagery and denied utilizing motivational general-arousal imagery. Furthermore, the primary purpose of the participant's imagery use was to prepare himself for competition and playing conditions. This research also concludes that the participant did not use the motivational generalarousal imagery strategy due to his lack of anxiety in preparation and during competition. The reported low anxiety levels was attributed to extensive physical preparation and past success on the field.